Lathe Machine

LATHE MACHINE

Introduction :-

Lathe is known as mother of machine tool . It is widely used machine tool in all part of the world.

Safety Precautions :-

(1) Always wear eye protection preferably industrial quality safety glasses with side shields.

(2) Wear short sleeve shirts, loose sleeves can catch on rotating work and quickly pull your hand or arm into harm’s way.

(3) Remove wrist watches necklaces, chains and other jewelry..

(4) Remove wrist watches necklaces, chains and other jewelry..

(5)Always double check to make sure your work is securely clamped in the chunk or between centers before starting the lathe. Start the lathe at low speed and increase the speed gradually.

(6)Get in the habit of removing the chunk key immediately after use.

(7) Keep your fingers clear of the rotating and cutting tools.

(8) For filling operations hold the tang end of the file in your left hand so that your hand and arm are not above the spinning chunk.

(9)Never use a file with a bare tang.

DETAILS ABOUT THE LATHE MACHINE PARTS. :-

BED:-

It is the base of lathe. All parts are fitted on it. Guide ways integral with the bed. The V shape maintain precise alignment of head stock and tail stock serves as rails to guide the carriage. It is mainly made of cast iron.

HEAD STOCK:-

It is a power source for work and tool. It contains cone pulleys or gears to facilitate the operator to select range of speeds. The spindle carrying the work revolves, supported by heavy duty bearing in the head stock.

TAIL STOCK:-

It is used to support the right hand end of a long work piece. It may be clamped in any position along the lathe bed. The tail stock spindle has an internal morse taper to receive the dead center the supports the work. Drills reamers , taps may also be fitted into the spindle, for performing operations such as drilling remaining and tapping.

CARRIAGE OR SADDLE”-

It is used to control the movement of the cutting tool .The carriage assembly consists of the longitudinal slides. Cross slide and compound slide and apron. The cross slide moves across the length of the bed and perpendicular to the axis of the spindle. This movement is used for facing and to provide the necessary depth of cut while turning. The apron, which is botted to the saddle , is on the front of the lathe and contains the longitudinal and cross slide controls.

And other parts are - (1) Lead screw

(2) Feed mechanism

(3) compound rest

(4) Tool post

(5) Centres

CONPOUND REST :-

It supports the pool post by swiveling the compound rest on the cross slide, short tapers may be turned to any desired angles.

TOOL POST:-

The tool post, holds the tool, which may be adjusted to any working position.

LEAD SCREW:-

It is long threaded shaft, located in front of the carriage, running from movement of the tool , either for automatic feeding or for cutting threads.

CENTERS :-

There are two centers known as dead center and live center, The dead center is positioned in the tail stock spindle and the live center, in the head stock spindle. While turning between centers the dead center does not revolve with the work while the live center revolves with the work

DETAIL ABOUT THE MEASURING AND MARKING INSTRUMENTS :-

VERNIER CALLIPORS :-

Vernier calipers is a versatile instrument with which both outside and inside measurements may be made accurately. These instruments may have provision for depth measurement also.

WORKING HOLDING DEVICES :-

THREE JAW CHUCK :-

It is a work holding device having three jaws (Self centering ) which will close or open with respect to the chuck center or the spindle center. It is used for holding regular objects like round bars, hexagonal roads etc.